Page of 1. Filtered by:. Previous template Next. All my answers were extracted from the "Big Dummy's Guide to the As" and I take no responsibility for any of them.
Tags: None. March 7, , PM. Predictions are usually difficult, especially about the future. Comment Post Cancel. SO if you "SUM" value is null, the "0" is used. In the present study, the total BMI was Relationship of Findings to the Theoretical Framework Findings from this study revealed that anthropometric indicators of FAs are at risks due to exposure to Western food and increased consumption of fat and sugar. The adapted theoretical framework from Satia demonstrated in this study how it may occurred among FAs in NC.
Factors in the model influencing the process of dietary acculturation can interact to result in changes in anthropometric measurements. In addition, this study also revealed that FAs dietary acculturation is not limited to the total level of acculturation but social relations preference among FAs outside their home also need not to be overlooked. Identification of these alterations in acculturation and dietary practices is useful because they can indicate a predictive relationship that can be exploited in nursing practice and research among FAs.
If these factors are recognized by both FAs and health care practitioners, appropriate dietary interventions predominantly in education may be provided. Strengths of the Study This study is the first to describe the relationships among the consumption of fat, sugar, fruits and vegetables, level of acculturation, dietary acculturation and anthropometric measurements among FAs using PLS path modeling.
This is the first study in nursing science that exploited PLS path model analysis. The sample of participants came from a population of Filipinos in Winston-Salem and nearby cities of Greensboro, Raleigh, and Durham, and, consequently, the findings to these areas may not be generalized to the US or even to the State of North Carolina. A large portion of the FAs who participated in the study were middle age and had high levels of education and moderate income.
Individuals with less education and income may not have similar dietary patterns, but they were not represented in the survey. As with most dietary studies, this study relied solely on the dietary information recalled by the participants.
Since energy from food intake in this study was less reliable and was not part of the primary diet analysis output variables available from Block, it was not included in the analyses. In addition, FFQs tend to consistently underestimate or overestimate true intake, depending on the given FFQ, with underestimation often a problem when the number of items is high Kristal, et al. Similar to the findings of Satia et al , the Western Dietary Acculturation scale was more predominantly associated with current diet than the Filipino Scale.
This may be explained by the fact that the Filipino scale consisted only of five items as compared to the 10 item Western Scale. Thus, it may not have captured the extensiveness of the Filipino dietary pattern.
Secondly, it maybe that the FAs in this sample did not entirely stop eating Filipino foods during the acculturation process but rather layered the Western diet when they were outside with friends over a stable Filipino diet at home Satia et al.
Nevertheless, this study showed that even recent diet is worth investigating further as explanatory variables for changes in anthropometric measurements among FAs.
A longitudinal study in future research is imperative to examine dietary acculturation among FAs which are not easily determined from a cross- sectional study. While the associations of Western dietary acculturation and consumption of fats and sugars with anthropometric indicators may be of some significance, these were only correlations and do not represent a direct causal relationship. Still, the results obtained from this study should aid in further efforts to investigate the dietary effects of acculturation for FAs and the development of nutrition-education programs for acculturating immigrants.
Furthermore, the FAs in this study were diverse in terms of regional origin and time spent in the US, and these differences should be considered in targeting health-promotion interventions. Future longitudinal research is needed to examine whether the association is also due to early-life factors and premigration and postmigration to US lifestyle changes. These results require confirmation from other FAs population samples, and in longitudinal data. Determining the reasons for the higher consumption of Western diet and fat and sugar also warrants further investigation.
Implications for Nursing This study indicates that first-generation FAs need information about dietary nutrition such as more consumption of fruits and vegetables and a lower intake of fats and sugars. FAs need a greater understanding of their food choices to commit to the goals of Healthy People to increase healthy weight and reduce obesity among adults.
First-generation FAs should be encouraged to decrease their fat and sugar consumption and food with high glycemic index. Less acculturated FAs may be encouraged to maintain their healthful dietary pattern and increase consumption of vegetables and fruits. Nurses and family nurse practitioners who care for FAs might suggest alternative vegetable and fruit options to newly arrived FAs who are not familiar with US fruit and vegetable choices.
Nurses and other healthcare practitioners should consider the positive and negative influences of dietary acculturation in their dietary-education efforts for FAs.
Recommendations for Future Research Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are suggested for future research: 1. Conclusions This study indicated the relationships among demographic variables; level of acculturation; dietary consumption of fats, sugars, fruits, and vegetables; dietary acculturation; and anthropometric measurements among FAs living in Winston Salem, and nearby cities in North Carolina.
Immigration occurs in diverse cultural context, and dietary acculturation is common to most immigrants. Through PLS Path Modeling, this study revealed that the most significant predictors of anthropometric indicators among FAs in NC were acculturation to Western dietary patterns and consumption of fat and sugar.
The results from this study can be used by nurses and healthcare practitioners in counseling, dietary assessment, and education of several risk factors associated with Western and traditional food patterns among FAs in the US. Dramatic rise and overweight and obesity in Adult Filipino women and risk of hypertension.
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I tried using the null indicator also. You need a one byte I think that is the size flag. That needs to be somewhere. Bhagyalakshmi C, Code:. I congratulate you for the Good Work that you accomplished by yourself. The null indicator variable was correctly defined and your SQL syntax is excellent. As I indicated above, you only need to check it for a DEPT with a literal of your own choosing. I don't mind helping people who try to help themselves.
Thanks Dick!!!!
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